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说到“之后出现的两栖动物”这正好起到了在“低等动物”和“高等动物”之间的联系作用，因此答案是C。
全文精译
人类生活在地球上的很久以前，地球上有鱼、爬虫、鸟、昆虫和一些哺乳动物。尽管这些动物里有些是现代生物的祖先，但其他的却已灭绝了，也就是说，它们现在已经没有后代了。41）然而，我们对它们了解很多是因为它们的骨骼和外壳作为化石保存在了岩石里，从这些岩石中我们可以看出它们的尺寸和形状，以及它们是如何行走的，以及他们所吃的食物的种类。有时，我们通过岩石的表皮及其颜色精确地描述出死于几百万年前的动物的形象。这些包裹动物尸体的岩石能告知我们这片土地、生长在这片土地上的植物及其气候等特征。
42）当一个动物死亡，它的尸体、骨骼和外壳常常被溪流带进湖泊海洋，之后由泥土覆盖。如果是生活在海里的动物，那么它的尸体可能会下沉．被泥十覆盖．越来越多的泥土跌落覆盖在上面，盲到骨骼或者外壳完全被包围保存起来。几乎所有我们知道的化石都是保存在由水作用形成的岩石里。这些化石里的动物大多数生活在水里或者靠近水的地区。因此，必然有许多我们还一无所知的动物、鸟类和昆虫生活在它左右。
43）已发现的遗留物中最早期的都是生活在海洋中的相当简单的物种。后来的形状更复杂，当中有海合，有着长手臂、由一根通向海底或岩石的长茎吸附的星鱼亲系。也有蟹类生物，它们的身体由角状物覆盖。身体部分每边有两对脚。一对是用来在沙底行走，另一对用来游泳。头是一种防护物，上面有一双复合眼，通常有成千上万个透镜。
44）甲壳类动物在岩石里有很长的历史，许多不同的种类已为人类所知。这当中，菊石是很有趣和重要的种类。它们有一个由许多小室组成的壳，每一个代表它临时的家。当一个年幼的菊石长大，它就自己生成一个新室而封存原先那个。在多西特海滩的岩石里可见到成千上万个这样的东西。
45）最初真正的脊椎动物是鱼，最早被发现的生活于三亿七千五百万年前。大约在三百百万年前，两栖动物即既能生活在陆地又能生活在水里的动物出现了。它们很大，有时有八英尺长。许多生活在沼泽地里，那里也是煤炭断层形成的地方。两栖动物滋生了爬虫动物。在近一百五十百万年里这些是生活在陆地海洋和空气里的生物的最初形式。
在约七十五百万年前，爬虫纪过去，许多种类灭绝。哺乳动物迅速发展，我们可以追溯出许多熟悉动物的进化轨迹如大象和马。许多后来的哺乳动物尽管现在已经灭绝，但却为原始人所知，这在他们的壁画和骨骼雕刻中可以发现。
（二）2005年真题解析
Directions：
In the following text； some sentences have been removed。 For Questions 4145； choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blanks。 There are two extra choices； which do not fit in any of the blanks。 Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1。 （10 points）
Canadas premiers （the leaders of provincial governments）； if they have any breath left after plaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting； might spare a moment to do something； together； to reduce healthcare costs。
Theyre all groaning about soaring health budgets； the fastestgrowing ponent of which are pharmaceutical costs。
41。
What to do？ Both the Romanow mission and the Kirby mittee on health care—to say nothing of reports from other experts—remended the creation of a national drug agency。 Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs； bureaucracy； procedures and limited bargaining power； all would pool resources； work with Ottawa； and create a national institution。
42。
But “national”doesnt have to mean that。 “National” could mean interprovincial—provinces bining efforts to create one body。 Either way； one benefit of a “national” organization would be to negotiate better prices； if possible； with drug manufacturers。 Instead of having one province—or a series of hospitals within a province—negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list； the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces。 Rather than； say； Quebec； negotiating on behalf of seven million people； the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people。 Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers； the higher the likelihood of a better price。
43。
A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment； funded by Ottawa and the provinces。 Under it； a mon Drug Review remends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included。 Predictably； and regrettably； Quebec refused to join。
A few premiers are suspicious of any federalprovincial dealmaking。 They （particularly Quebec and Alberta） just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few； if any； strings attached。 Thats one reason why the idea of a national list hasnt gone anywhere； while drug costs keep rising fast。
44。
Premiers love to quote Mr。 Romanows report selectively； especially the parts about more federal money。 Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs。
“A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical panies in order to try to constrain the everincreasing cost of drugs。”
45。
So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual plaint list； they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients。
［A］ Quebecs resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology。 One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University。 Quebecs Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14。3 per cent to 26。8 per cent！
［B］ Or they could read Mr。 Kirbys report： “The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescriptiondrug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug panies。”
［C］ What does “national” mean？ Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby remended a federalprovincial body much like the recently created National Health Council。
［D］ The problem is simple and stark： healthcare costs have been； are； and will continue to increase faster than government revenues。
［E］ According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information； prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall healthcare spending。 Part of the increase es from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments。 Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds。 Part of it is higher prices。
［F］ So； if the provinces want to run the healthcare show； they should prove they can run it； starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication； save administrative costs； prevent one province from being played off against another； and bargain for better drug prices。
［G］ Of course； the pharmaceutical panies will scream。 They like divided buyers； they can lobby better that way。 They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another。 They can hope that； if one province includes a drug on its list； the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs。 They wouldnt like a national agency； but selfinterest would lead them to deal with it。
答案与解析
41【答案】E
【解析】
本题上面一段讲的中心是药品价钱，经过分析这七个选项发觉，选项E在归纳句子，和上面的也有连贯性，哪一个选项当中包含了药价这个概念呢？E选项说根据某某机构的