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魔法英语同步新课堂(高二·下)-第章

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    1。These are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world。(WARMING UP)这些是曾经令世界改变的巨大科学成就。    
    (1)scientific的用法    
    ①scientific是形容词,意为“科学的”、“科学上的”或“符合科学规律的”。    
    The scientific methods include conducting experiments and recording and checking the results。科学方法包括进行实验、作记录和检查结果。    
    ②scientific没有比较级形式,是定语形容词,在句中只用作定语。    
    We should work with scientific instruments。我们应该用科学仪器来工作。     
    We succeeded in our scientific experiment in the end。我们终于在科学实验中取得了成功。    
    (2)achievement的用法    
    achievement是动词achieve的名词形式,通常用作可数名词,常用复数形式,意为“功绩”或“成就”。    
    He is proud of his scientific achievements。他为他所取得的科学成就感到自豪。    
    2。Do these achievements have anything in common?(WARMING UP)这些成就有相同之处吗?    
    have something(nothing)in common(with)意为“与……有(无)共同之处”或“与……共用”。    
    They have nothing in common with one another。他们彼此之间毫无共同之处。    
    3。What is it that makes scientific achievements important?(PREREADING)到底是什么使得科学成就变得如此重要呢?    
    it表示强调的用法    
    ①it可用于强调句子除谓语外的某一成分,如主语、状语、宾语等。这种句子的结构是“It is /was +被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分”。    
    It was an eagle that he shot dead yesterday。他昨天射死的是一只鹰。    
    ②如果被强调的部分是人,可用who或whom代替that。    
    It is Prof。Smith who/that teaches us English。教我们英语的是史密斯教授。    
    It is the local people whom/that we often visit。我们经常访问的是当地的人。    
    4。Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China; it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing。(READING) 无论中国将来会有多么伟大的成就,其中许多很有可能就诞生在北京的西北部。    
    (1)whatever的用法    
    ①whatever在句中用作形容词,没有比较级形式,只可用作定语。    
    You can take whatever farm tools you need。你们需要什么农具都可以拿。    
    Whatever problem you have; you can always come to me for help。    
    无论你有什么问题,都可以找我帮忙。    
    ②whatever用作代词时,可引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句。    
    Whatever I have is at your service。我所有的每一样东西,你都可以任意使用。    
    She will do whatever I wish。她对我会言听计从。     
    Keep calm; whatever happens。无论发生什么事情,都要保持镇静。    
    5。They all have their own characteristics; but they all share the spirit of creativity and scientific skill that has made Zhongguancun a success。(READING)虽然他们特色各异,但是他们都有着共同的创造精神和科学技能,造就了中关村成为成功的高科技园区。    
    (1)share的用法    
    ①share用作及物动词或不及物动词,意为“分享”、“分担”或“均分”。表示“均分”时,是及物动词,后跟名词或代词,常与among,between等短语搭配。    
    We shared the money among us。我们把那笔钱均分了。     
    They shared the cake between them。他们俩分了那块蛋糕。     
    Good friends should share happiness and sorrow with each other。好友之间应该分享快乐和忧愁。    
    ②share用作名词时是可数名词,意为“一份”或“份额”。    
    They divided the money into equal shares。    
    他们把钱分成相等的份额。    
    His share is double。他是双份的。    
    (2)success的用法    
    ①success表示“成功”或“成就”,是不可数名词。    
    Their efforts were rewarded with success。他们的努力获得了成功。    
    Our experiment ended with success。我们的实验胜利结束了。    
    His success took a load off my mind。他的成功卸下了我心中的重负。    
    Hard work is the path to success。勤奋是通向成功之路。    
    6。The science park is also home to a growing number of overseas Chinese who have grasped the opportunity to develop their ideas at home。(READING)这个科学园区也成了越来越多的海外华侨抓住机遇在国内实现自己理想的大本营。    
    (1)句中home用作名词,可以不带冠词,意为“大本营”、“所在地”、“根据地”或“发源地”。    
    She left home when she was a child。她小时候就离开了家乡。    
    He has his home at present in Canada。目前他居住在加拿大。    
    The foreign scientist regarded China as his second home。这位外籍科学家视中国为第二故乡。    
    7。I never felt really comfortable abroad;and I missed everything about China。(READING)我感觉我在国外没有过着真正舒适的生活,我思念中国的一切。    
    miss的用法    
    ①miss用作及物动词或不及物动词。表示“怀念”时,后跟名词或代词作宾语。    
    Youll miss all your friends when you go to live abroad。如果你去国外定居,你会怀念你所有的朋友的。    
    ②miss表示“错过”或“没看到”时,后跟名词、代词、动词…ing形式或what从句。    
    They have missed the train。他们没有赶上火车。     
    I don’t  want to miss seeing that singer on television tonight。我不想错过今晚在电视上看看那位歌唱家的机会。    
    8。Yufang talked to some friends from his university in Beijing and they helped arrange for his return。(READING)于方与来自他在北京读大学时的母校的一些朋友交谈,然后他们帮助安排他回国。    
    arrange的用法    
    ①arrange意为“安排”、“计划”、“布置”、“整理”等,一般用作及物动词,后跟名词、代词或动词不定式。    
    They are arranged in order of increasing difficulty。它们是按先易后难的顺序排列的。    
    My duties were to arrange the goods; keep them clean; help out in the workroom and; above all; run errands。我的责任是整理商品,保持商品的清洁,在工作室给人做个帮手,而最重要的是在外面跑腿。    
    We have arranged to meet him at six this evening。我们已经安排今天晚上6点见他。     
    ②arrange也用作不及物动词,一般与介词for连用。    
    I can’t arrange for everything。不能一切都靠我来办。    
    ③arrange后面可以跟that引导的宾语从句,这时从句要用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should在口语中可以省略。    
    We have arranged that the Young Pioneers (should) go and help her once a week。我们已经安排少先队员每周去帮她一次。    
    9。Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science。(READING)中关村无论对商业还是科学都产生了积极的影响。    
    have effect on…是动词短语,表示“对……产生影响”。这里effect用作可数名词或不可数名词,意为“影响”、“效果”或“作用”。    
    Did the medicine have any effect?这种药有效吗?     
    What he says may have some effects。他说的话也许会起作用。    
    Thus one simple fact;a change in the number of bison;had an effect on the whole wildlife chain of the plains。 因此,出现了这样一个简单的事实——野牛数目的变化对平原的整个野生生物链都产生了影响。    
    10。Relying on science; technology; and knowledge to increase economic power。(READING)依靠科学技术知识发展经济。    
    rely on/upon是动词短语,意为“依赖”或“依靠”,相当于depend on/upon。    
    He can always be relied upon for help。他的帮助是永远可靠的。    
    You may rely upon it that he will be early。你放心好了,他一定会早到的。    
    11。We are not making that much money yet…(READING)我们现在还没有挣到那么多钱……    
    句中that是副词,修饰形容词或副词,表示“这么(样)”或“那么(样)”,相当于so。    
    How could she sing that well?她怎么能唱得那么好?     
    Can you walk that far?你能走那么远吗?    
    The weather isn’t  all that hot。天气根本没有那么热。    
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